Java

What is Java?

  • Java is a high-level, object-oriented, and platform-independent programming language.
  • It was originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems and released in 1995.
  • Today, Java is maintained by Oracle Corporation.

Key Features of Java:

  • Simple: Easy to learn if you know basic programming concepts.
  • Object-Oriented: Everything is an object (data + behavior).
  • Platform-Independent: Write code once and run it anywhere (thanks to the Java Virtual Machine – JVM).
  • Secure: Provides a secure environment for developing applications.
  • Robust: Strong memory management, exception handling.
  • Multithreaded: Supports multithreaded programming (running multiple tasks at the same time).
  • Portable: Java programs can move easily from one system to another.
  • High Performance: Though not as fast as C/C++, Java performance is quite high due to Just-In-Time compilers.

How Java Works:

  1. Write the Java code (.java file).
  2. Compile the code using the Java compiler (javac), which creates a bytecode file (.class).
  3. The JVM (Java Virtual Machine) reads and runs the bytecode.

Simple Java Program:

javaCopyEditpublic class HelloWorld {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello, World!");
    }
}

Explanation:

  • public class HelloWorld: Defines a class called HelloWorld.
  • public static void main(String[] args): This is the main method where the program starts running.
  • System.out.println("Hello, World!");: Prints “Hello, World!” to the console.

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